Why package in oracle

This is the case for a package whose items are all compile-time constants. A constant whose initial value is a literal is always a compile-time constant. A constant whose initial value is not a literal, but which the optimizer reduces to a literal, is also a compile-time constant. Therefore, a package that is stateless when compiled at one optimization level might be stateful when compiled at a different optimization level.

Oracle Database Development Guide for information about invalidation and revalidation of schema objects. Therefore, the amount of UGA memory needed increases linearly with the number of users, limiting scalability. The package state can persist for the life of a session, locking UGA memory until the session ends.

In some applications, such as Oracle Office, a typical session lasts several days. The package state persists only for the life of a server call. After the server call, the work area returns to the pool. If a subsequent server call references the package, then Oracle Database reuses an instantiation from the pool.

Reusing an instantiation re-initializes it; therefore, changes made to the package state in previous server calls are invisible. For information about initialization, see " Package Instantiation and Initialization ".

You must use its public variables only within the work unit. If you make a mistake and depend on the value of a public variable that was set in a previous work unit, then your program can fail. Each package declares public variable n with initial value 5. Then, an anonymous block changes the value of each variable to Next, another anonymous block prints the value of each variable. The value of pkg. To re-open the cursor, you must make a new server call.

A server call can be different from a subprogram invocation, as Example shows. Become familiar with the packages that Oracle Database supplies, and avoid writing packages that duplicate their features. This practice prevents other developers from building unsafe dependencies on your implementation details and reduces the need for recompilation. If you change the package specification, you must recompile any subprograms that invoke the public subprograms of the package.

If you change only the package body, you need not recompile those subprograms. Declare public cursors in package specifications and define them in package bodies, as in Example This practice lets you hide cursors' queries from package users and change them without changing cursor declarations.

If computing an initial value raises an exception, the initialization part can handle it with its own exception handler. The cursor declaration specifies only the data type of the return value, not the query, which appears in the cursor definition for complete syntax and semantics, see " Explicit Cursor Declaration and Definition ".

Example creates an API package and a helper package. The package has both specification and body. The specification declares a public type, cursor, and exception, and three public subprograms. One public subprogram is overloaded for information about overloaded subprograms, see " Overloaded Subprograms ".

A simple eg. Your procedure will perform this task of transferring data. A package is a database object that can contain many such procedures that perform tasks that are related to each other.

You can make your procedure private to the package by not declaring it in the package specification. On the hand a standalone procedure can be called by its name alone. A package may have more than one related procedures or functions. So, we may say a procedure may be a part of a package. Now, while calling a procedure from a package whole of the package loaded into the memory. Like if a package consists of 4 procedures, then if you call 1 procedure whole 4 would be loaded to memory.

So, make package of the related procedures and functions which are to be used at the same session. Senthil is talking about procedure and package not about function and procedure.

By the way, packages are used for grouping procedures and functions etc. You cannot call a package, instead you have to call a standalone procedure or a packaged procedure. Packages are only containers to put procedures or functions at a place.

As many have said, a package contains a number of procedures and functions. The advantage of a package over a stand-alone procedure is that all the procedures and functions are loaded into memory so that when one procedure within the package calls another within the same package it is already loaded so this should give performance benefits if designed properly. Package is a collection of procedure and function. It is good to have procedure, functions, package variable which are logically related to each other to be part one package.

ManishBansal - this comes down to proper design and separation of responsibilities. If we have multiple people simultaneously working on the same package class in Java there's something seriously awry with our application architecture.

As described in Oracle docs , packages are good because of: modularity easier application design information hiding added functionality better performance Details on each reason are explained in docs. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Post as a guest Name. Email Required, but never shown. The Overflow Blog. Podcast Explaining the semiconductor shortage, and how it might end.

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